As interest in earth shelters has increased since the energy crisis in 1973, here has emerged a better understanding of the particular design issues and technical considerations inherent in this system. The Gulf crisis once again threw an extensive reliance on energy conservation in the developed world into sharp relief. In this sense, earth shelters gained many credits as an energy-conservation approach. Nowhere do these fundamentals become more readily apparent than in areas with stressed climate.

This paper suggests a combined strategy to design the ecologically conscious architectural space. The combined strategy is a sustainable design form of building interiors and thus should be considered as a principal heading of the holistic architectural design process. It merges passive design principles with technologies-driven strategies to formulate an innovative technique that sets building biology and its occupants’ health and comfort at the focal point of all

surrounding arrangements and treatments.

Luxor (Thebes for the ancient Greeks); the treasure of world-renowned monuments is one of the major nodes on the Egyptian map of tourism. The form and fabric of Luxor is a story of 5000 years of history and development. This longstanding historical development, accompanied with continuous physical, social and political change, has made it’s the conservation of Luxor a rather difficult task. The burgeoning populations combined with the hordes of tourists visiting each year have caused more havoc in the past few decades than thousands of years of erosion. Appeals are made for the safe-guarding of Luxor, studies and planes have been undertaken, but unfortunately, reality has always been frustrating.

The main concern of this paper is the impact of development on society and the built environment, the conflict between man: his traditions, needs and expectations, and his surrounding environment that has become typical of today's life. Trends of massive urbanization have become not only a political attitude but a public aspiration as well.

Historically, fortress played a distinguished role to protect villages, towns and cities. The size, complexity and architecture of those forts were reflected the time-technology, materials and the weapon tools used in war activities. Nowadays, the function of those forts for protection is completely lost. The buildings themselves ranged between ruins to archaeology remains. For many of those buildings the only option for sustainability besides being kept as archaeological sites after conservation works, could be the adaptive reuse as

museums or visitor centres.

The issue of heritage conservation was one of the topics which got different opinions according to options availability. Restoration, rehabilitation adaptive reuse, reconstruction and preservation are faces to possible conservation actions. But who do what and how? This is used to be the first dialogue after identifying the heritage limits and options.

Mansoura City is the capital of Dakahlia Governorate in Egypt with more than 900,000 residents. As Mansoura city is expanding, many of the rural areas around the city have been urbanized in the last ten years or so. This differentiation of mix-mode or urbanrural flavor gave the city a wide range of community experiences. Up till the sixties, a number of foreigners (mainly Greeks, Italians, and Lebanese, among other nationalities) lived in the city and worked in many professions mostly connected with trade. Therefore Mansoura is a city of contrasts but famous for its architectural style ranged from traditional areas and buildings on one hand and new part that was planned in the late 19th century which is characterized by western buildings and luxurious villas with every modern convenience on the other hand.

The developing world is currently faced with a serious development challenge resulting from rapid urbanization. The pace of urbanization in certain countries has accelerated. The consequences of urbanization in terms of environmental degradation and deteriorating living standards are in fact already visible. In most cities of the developing world investment in infrastructure including housing has failed to keep pace with the growth in population, which has a direct negative consequence on the living conditions and productivity of labour and other resources.

Quseir is a small harbor city on the Red Sea, with a history that goes back to the ancient Egyptian and Roman times, and with a high potential for tourism development. It has flourished during the medieval Islamic rule of Egypt and after, till the French occupation of the country.

Summer temperatures in urban areas are now typically 2°F to 8°F higher than in their rural surroundings, due to a phenomenon known as the “heat island effect”. Recent research shows that increases in electricity demand, smog levels, and human discomfort are probably linked to this phenomenon. Urban areas accumulate greater amount of heat for several reasons, Many of these factors-including climate, topography, and weather patternsconnote be changed. Two factors we can influence are the amount of vegetation and the color of surfaces. These two factors are responsible for majority of additional heating attributable to human activities.

Once thriving and prosperous, many traditional communities are facing serious dilapidating conditions in both physical and social terms. The study suggests that these communities are made of both physical reality (the built environment) and social reality (socio-economic activities), and hence, the study claims a strong correlation between both realities.

This paper highlights the importance of tourism in different development strategies and projects, it explores the criticality of creating touristic facilities and activities that experience recuperative, or recreative qualities for visitors with special care for not to destroy the natural, cultural, and environmental resources of the place. The paper articulates principles to be used in the design and management of tourist facilities that emphasize ecological/environmental sensitivity in touristic facilities’ design, and integration of visitors with natural and cultural settings. A checklist for sustainable building design has been developed to emphasize the importance of sustainable development & ecotourism, and to encourage responsible decision making for development and design strategies through an interdisciplinary perspective.

Sustainable development is a strategy by which communities seek economic development approaches that also benefit the local environment and quality of life. It has become an important guide to many communities that have discovered that traditional approaches to planning and development are creating, rather than solving, societal and environmental problems. Where traditional approaches can lead to congestion, sprawl, pollution, and resource over-consumption, sustainable development offers real, lasting solutions that

will strengthen our future. Sustainable development provides a framework under which communities can use resources efficiently, create efficient infrastructures, protect and enhance quality of life, and create new businesses to strengthen their economies. It can help to create healthy communities that can sustain current and coming generations.